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In-depth explainers on developer tools, calculators, and online utilities. Learn the math and code behind 367 free tools.
10 articles in developer
What Is Base64 Encoding? A Complete Guide
Learn how Base64 encoding works, why it exists, and when you should (and shouldn't) use it โ with a step-by-step example.
What Is JSON? A Complete Beginner's Guide
JSON explained from the ground up โ syntax rules, data types, nested structures, comparison with XML, and common pitfalls to avoid.
CSS Color Formats Explained: Hex, RGB, HSL โ Which Should You Use?
A complete comparison of CSS color formats โ how hex, RGB, HSL, and modern color functions work, and when to use each one.
What Is a Unix Timestamp? Everything Developers Need to Know
Unix timestamps explained โ the epoch, UTC vs local time, milliseconds vs seconds, the Year 2038 problem, and working with timestamps in code.
JWT Tokens Explained: How JSON Web Tokens Work
A complete guide to JSON Web Tokens โ the three-part structure, signing algorithms, security considerations, and when to use JWTs vs sessions.
Binary, Octal, Decimal, Hex: Number Systems Explained
Understand how binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal number systems work, why computers use them, and how to convert between bases.
Regular Expressions (Regex) for Beginners: A Practical Guide
Learn regex from scratch โ syntax, character classes, quantifiers, anchors, and 10 practical patterns for validating emails, URLs, phone numbers, and more.
Markdown Syntax Guide: A Complete Reference
The complete Markdown syntax reference โ headings, bold, italic, code, tables, links, images, lists, and GitHub Flavored Markdown extensions.
YAML vs JSON: When to Use Each and Key Differences
A complete comparison of YAML and JSON โ syntax differences, YAML gotchas (the Norway problem!), and when each format is the right choice.
CSS Specificity Explained: Why Your Styles Aren't Applying
Master CSS specificity โ how the cascade works, the specificity scoring system, the !important rule, and practical strategies to avoid specificity wars.